Names please

fictional names

fictional names have been one of the most important and serious topics in the contemporary philosophy of language and metaphysics.several questions such as “do fictional names refer to any objects?” “are fictional characters existent objects?” have resulted in a considerable literature of philosophy. in this essay, we will follow two objectives. first we will describe and elaborate the ideas ...

geographical names

a place-name or a toponym is a word used to indicate, denote or identify a geographic locality. place-names are formed in the course of history of a region and are affected by various linguistic, social, political and cultural events. toponymy is the taxonomic study of place-names, based on etymological, historical and geographical information. this paper first defines toponym and topnymy and i...

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2 By the end of his life, Armand Hammer, the prominent industrialist, had alienated virtually all of his friend s and family, driven his corporation into financial ruin, and tainted his public reputation. Nevertheless, he seemed quite pleased with himself: "There has never been anyone like me, and my likes will never be seen again"; "The brilliance of my mind can only be described as dazzling. ...

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More data, please!

Witwer (1 ) observes in his review of miRNA studies that “data submission was reported at publication for 40% of all articles.” Sadly, the problem of poor data reporting is neither new nor restricted to miRNA data. Poor access to data motivated the 2001 MIAME (minimum information about a microarray experiment) standards in the first place (2 ). In 2008, Ochsner et al. (3 ) reviewed microarray s...